Carbon-buying consortium Frontier, which includes the likes of Google and Meta, has announced it will invest a further $915 million in carbon removal technologies, bringing its total commitment to $1.8 billion.

The consortium also announced that generative AI firm Anthropic has become a member of the carbon buying alliance.

The new funding, dubbed Growth AMC, will shift focus from catalyzing early innovation toward pushing the most promising technologies to commercial scale. As a result, the initiative will focus on a narrower portfolio of around ten to 15 companies through eight to ten-year offtake agreements structured to help projects reach final investment decision, with contracts extending as far as 2040.

Frontier has identified five technology pathways it considers to have the strongest long-term potential. These include surficial mineralization and ocean alkalinity enhancement, which are considered to have the largest-scale ceiling, up to ten gigatons per year. Biomass-based removals and enhanced rock weathering, which are viewed as better understood technologies but more constrained in scale. Finally, direct air capture systems, which Frontier claims have potentially unlimited scale, but remain limited due to cost considerations.

A key condition for any new carbon removal deals under the Growth AMC is a credible path to long-term policy-backed demand, with Frontier claiming that it will prioritize projects in jurisdictions where carbon removal policy has passed or is likely to. Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands, Germany, the UK, the EU, Japan, the US, and Canada have all passed demand-side legislation to date.

Frontier was launched in 2022 with an initial $1bn commitment and has since reviewed more than 500 companies across over 20 technology pathways. The body has backed a total of 52 carbon removal projects since its inception. Most recently, it made a $2m commitment to two zero-carbon lime companies, UK-based Leilac and Swedish firm SaltX.

Before this, the consortium signed two pre-purchase agreements totaling $3.05m with early-stage carbon removal firms, Pronoe and Cella.

Frontier inked several carbon removal deals in 2025, including a $44.2m deal with Canadian biowaste carbon-capture and storage firm Nulife GreenTech for 122,000 tons of CO2 between 2026 and 2030, in December.

The month before, it signed an agreement with biogas carbon capture firm Reverion to remove 96,000 tons of CO2 between 2027 and 2030. As part of the deal, Frontier buyers will pay Reverion $41m.