A landmark €3 billion proposal to establish the Baltic AI Gigafactory is gaining traction as Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland join forces to build one of the most advanced artificial intelligence infrastructures in Europe. The consortium’s Expression of Interest, submitted to the European Commission in June, outlines a large-scale high-performance computing (HPC) hub designed to supercharge AI development across the region.
The project envisions the Gigafactory’s core infrastructure in up to two locations in Poland, chosen for their capacity to deliver high data throughput, sustainable energy, and advanced cooling systems. Powered entirely by 100% green energy, the facility will support both the training and deployment of very large AI models — a capability seen as essential for maintaining Europe’s technological sovereignty in the AI race against the U.S. and China.
According to the plan, the Gigafactory will be closely integrated with national AI centers in Riga, Tallinn, Vilnius, Krakow, Poznań, Gdańsk, Wrocław, and Warsaw, creating a connected and scalable innovation ecosystem. This network will serve researchers, entrepreneurs, corporations, and public institutions, providing them with world-class computing infrastructure and the tools needed to develop next-generation AI products and services.
The funding model is heavily oriented toward private investment, with the majority of costs expected to come from equity contributions by project partners, venture capital, and other financial investors. Cloud service providers, leading AI companies, research institutions, and industry associations have already expressed interest, with the consortium set to expand in the coming months to match the planned scale of operations.
Latvia’s Ministry of Economics has framed the project as a “strategic opportunity” for domestic companies to access European-level innovation infrastructure, enter new markets, and boost competitiveness in the rapidly evolving digital economy. Lithuania’s Ministry of the Economy and Innovation has likewise called on national businesses and research bodies to join, noting that 65% of the investment will come from the private sector, making early involvement crucial.
The Baltic AI Gigafactory is part of a broader European Commission effort to identify and support AI Gigafactories as flagship projects under the EU’s AI Continent Action Plan. A recent call for Expressions of Interest drew 76 proposals from 16 EU Member States, far exceeding expectations and highlighting the continent’s race to secure leadership in AI infrastructure.
Formal discussions between the European Commission and project consortia are expected to begin in the coming months, with an official call for AI Gigafactory proposals scheduled for late 2025. If successful, the Baltic project could begin implementation in stages, with construction, infrastructure adaptation, and operational scaling taking place over several years — positioning the Baltic States and Poland at the forefront of Europe’s AI transformation.
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